The sun truly is a source of life. Beyond providing warmth and light, it also plays an essential role in Vitamin D synthesis and supports plant growth through photosynthesis. However, the benefits of the sun come with risks, especially when exposure becomes excessive. If you’re curious about protecting your skin while enjoying sunny days, here are the dangers of UVA/UVB rays, essential summer skincare tips, and common skin conditions caused by overexposure.

Why should we take extra care of our skin during summer?

During the summer, ultraviolet rays are more intense due to the sun’s closer proximity to certain regions on Earth. While skin care is essential year-round, the heightened UV intensity in summer makes it particularly crucial to step up your routine during these months.

What dangers do sunrays (UVA/UVB) pose?

The most exposed areas to UVA and UVB radiation are the face, neck, shoulders, hands, and arms. According to the Society of Dermatology (SBD), these areas are especially prone to developing brown spots and other sun-induced changes.

Ultraviolet rays stimulate melanin production, which can cause tanning. However, excessive exposure disrupts the skin’s protective barrier, leading to photoaging, wrinkles, and other long-term damage.

What are the main skin care tips for summer?

Here are five key tips to maintain healthy skin during the sunniest months:

1. Use sunscreen daily
Daily sunscreen application is non-negotiable. Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen that protects against both UVA (which penetrates deep into the skin) and UVB (which primarily affects the skin’s surface). The level of protection is indicated by the SPF (Sun Protection Factor); the higher the number, the greater the protection. Apply sunscreen 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapply every three hours, especially if you’re swimming or sweating.

2. Avoid excessive sun exposure
Even with sunscreen, limit your time in direct sunlight during peak hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.), when UV radiation is strongest. When outdoors, stay in shaded areas and wear protective accessories such as hats, caps, and long-sleeved shirts. For those prone to skin conditions or with a history of skin cancer, extra precautions are essential, including sunglasses with full UV protection to safeguard your eyes.

3. Stay hydrated
Excessive sun exposure can dehydrate your skin, so drink two to three liters of water daily to replenish lost fluids. Complement this with moisturizing creams containing hydrating ingredients like urea and vitamin E, as well as bath oils to maintain skin suppleness.

4. Refrain from taking hot baths
Hot baths strip the skin of its natural protective oils, leading to dryness. Opt for warm or cold showers instead, and limit the use of soap to prevent further moisture loss.

5. Wear appropriate clothing
Choose clothing made from natural fabrics like cotton, linen, silk, or viscose, which absorb up to 50% of harmful UV radiation. Avoid synthetic fabrics like nylon, which absorb only 30% of UV rays, leaving covered areas vulnerable. Lighter-colored clothing also reflects heat, keeping you cooler and reducing sweat.

Which diseases does summer skincare help prevent?

Beyond aesthetic concerns, inadequate sun protection can lead to serious health issues. Here are some conditions linked to excessive sun exposure:

Cancer
Skin cancer is one of the most significant risks of prolonged UV exposure, with areas like the face, neck, and ears being especially vulnerable. Warning signs include:

• Moles or spots that change in size, color, or shape.
• Persistent itching, peeling, or bleeding spots.
• Wounds that fail to heal.

If you notice any of these signs, consult a dermatologist immediately.

White spots and freckles
White spots often appear gradually after years of cumulative sun exposure. While these spots are usually harmless, they are a clear indication of sun damage.

Age spots and melanosis
Dark spots, ranging from light tan to deep brown, commonly appear on the face, neck, shoulders, and hands due to prolonged sun exposure. Though often benign, they contribute to an aged appearance.

Sun acne
Increased oiliness, sweating, and improper sunscreen use can lead to solar acne. To prevent this, wash your face with a cleanser suited to your skin type and opt for oil-free sunscreens.

Taking care of your skin during summer is more than just a beauty routine—it’s a health necessity. By following these tips and staying mindful of sun exposure, you can enjoy the sunny days without compromising your skin’s health. Make these habits part of your lifestyle to keep your skin glowing and protected year-round.